Kentel 4 - Prest out ?, skuizh on.
version 1.0 (03-05-95) A.Cedelle
4.1 Diviz / Conversation
Per: - Yann, petra a res ? prest out ?
Yann: - N'on ket prest c'hoazh.
Per: - Diwezhat omp. hast afo !
Yann: - Re skuizh on !
Per: - Poent eo mont d'ar skol.
Yann: - Echu eo ar vakansoù ?
Per: - Ya, echu int.
4.2 Gerioù / Vocabulary
afo quickly (see "hast afo")
bezan to be
c'hoazh yet (n'on ket .. c'hoazh = i am not yet ..)
da to, towards (direction) (mont da = to go to)
d'ar = shortened "da ar" (to the)
diwezhat late
echu finished
hastan to hurry
hast afo ! hurry up !
poent time (poent eo : it is time)
prest ready
re very
skol school
skuizh tired
vakansou holidays
on, out, eo, omp, int : the conjugation of the berb "bezan"
4.3 Distagadur / Pronunciation
Poent eo [poen-ew] The t is silent.
Diwezhat [di'we:zat] the stress is on the next to last syllable.
Petra a res : the common spoken form omits the particle 'a' : [petra rez]
4.4 Yezhadur / Grammar
4.4.1 The auxiliary 'ober' (to do) was seen in lesson 1 :
"petra a res ?" = What are you doing ?
4.4.2 We now see the forms of the auxiliary "bezan" (to be):
on (I am) out (you are) eo (it/he/she is)
omp (we are) oc'h (you (pl.) are) int (they are)
oar / eur (one is)
It must be noted that this conjugation doesn't use a subject before the
verb, and can only be used when an attribute starts the sentence.
It is generally not possible to just say "on" for "i am ".
e.g: prest on , (Ready i am) I am ready.
Bras int , (great they are) They are great.
bihan eo , it is small.
The negative form was seen for the third person in lesson 3:
N'eo ket prest , he/she/it is not ready
N'on ket prest , I am not ready
N'out ket prest , You are not ready
Note: In the verb 'bezan', the -AN is a common termination of many
verbs (hastan, kanan(to sing) ). The 'root' BEz looks like the
english BE, and also the welsh BOD, or BYDD.
4.4.3 plural form:
A common mark of plural is the termination -où :
Vakansoù , kentelioù , Poelladennoù , skolioù
After the verb, a plural subject doesn't affect the conjugation:
echu EO ar vacansoù ? (are holidays finished ?)
echu int ( they are finished)
4.5 Poelladennoù / Exercises
4.5.1
Give a positive and a negative answer to the question, according to
the model:
prest out ? Ya, prest on ! N'on ket prest !
skuizh oc'h ? Ya ... ....
bras int ? .... ....
4.5.2
Mat eo an traoù ?
This means "good are the things ?", an other way to say 'how are you?'.
(tra = thing , traoù = things.)
Fill the dots of this possible answer, by the correct verbal form:
Ya, mat ... !
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Echu eo ar gentel 04.
a.c
1995-05-17 CPD